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- <text id=90TT1719>
- <title>
- July 02, 1990: The 20% Solution
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- July 02, 1990 Nelson Mandela:A Hero In America
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 20
- The 20% Solution
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> George Bush's main reason for inviting Nelson Mandela to the
- White House this week is to dramatize Washington's opposition
- to apartheid and its support for oppressed blacks in South
- Africa. But the President may have seen another benefit in
- being hospitable: he wants to demonstrate his longtime regard
- for issues of concern to American blacks, many of whom know
- him, like him and may even be willing to vote Republican in
- this year's congressional elections, to say nothing of 1992.
- </p>
- <p> Though he won only 9% of the black vote in 1988, Bush
- believes Democrats are foolishly taking their black supporters
- for granted. He is making every effort to gain some votes back.
- The idea is not to win over all blacks, or even most of them,
- but to slice off just enough, say 20%, to make the difference
- in Southern states where monolithic black support helped
- Democrats upset Republican incumbents in 1986 and 1988 Senate
- and House races. Call it the 20% solution.
- </p>
- <p> To implement the plan, Bush set out immediately after his
- racially charged election campaign to court blacks, ignored for
- eight years by Ronald Reagan. He invited black leaders,
- businessmen and preachers, including Jesse Jackson, to the
- White House. He visited black neighborhoods, churches and
- colleges, which he has supported for decades. And if Bush has
- not named a lot of blacks to Government posts, those blacks he
- has selected have been appointed to prominent jobs. The best
- example: General Colin Powell, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
- Staff. The strategy is working: 56% of blacks say they approve
- of Bush's performance as President.
- </p>
- <p> But if the wooing continues to accentuate words rather than
- deeds, it could fizzle. In recent months blacks have been
- pressing Bush to deliver on two items: maintaining economic
- sanctions against South Africa and signing the 1990 Civil
- Rights Act, now moving toward the Senate floor. Bush gets a bye
- on the first test: though he is opposed to sanctions, Congress
- in 1986 prohibited lifting the bans on trade until South Africa
- takes specific steps to dismantle apartheid. Bush reminded
- everyone of that three times at a press conference in Alabama
- last week.
- </p>
- <p> The civil rights bill has Bush playing for time. Business
- lobbyists and activists on Bush's right flank widely oppose the
- measure. Pressure from the right is so intense that White House
- officials have been careful not to commit bargaining positions
- to paper, lest their boss be accused of backing down in the
- end. After counseling Bush to cut what deals he can, Lee
- Atwater, the convalescent Republican National Committee
- chairman who masterminded the 20% solution, advised him to
- "sign this bill."
- </p>
- <p> Even if he doesn't, Bush might yet succeed by indirection.
- Just by wooing blacks, Bush has thrown Democrats off-balance
- and defused some of the anti-Republican fury that fueled record
- Democratic turnouts by blacks in 1986 and 1988. Moreover, by
- reversing the G.O.P.'s long-standing whites-only image, Bush's
- black offensive has also strengthened his appeal to young,
- affluent voters. Says a White House aide: "If nothing else, you
- cut off other lines of attack."
- </p>
- <p>By Michael Duffy/Washington.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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